Structural, Magnetic and Transport Properties of Gd and Cu Co-Doped BiFeO<sub>3</sub> Multiferroics

The novel polycrystalline Bi0.85Gd0.15CuxFe1-xO3 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) multiferroics are synthesized by the usual solid-state reaction route. synthesis of desired phase has been verified X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns. With major structural phases, few traces secondary phases Bi2Fe4O9 and Bi25FeO40 appear for all compositions. A discontinuous series changes with varying compositions observed doped samples. bulk density (ρB) increases Cu content reaches highest at x 0.05 then declines. complex initial permeability dielectric characterizations performed Wayne Kerr Impedance Analyzer. samples having maximum exhibit (μi’) implying a close relation between μi’ density. reduction higher concentration is due to low associated increased intragranular pores. constant (ε’) measured against frequency in range 1 kHz - 10 MHz. It perceived that ε’ falls rise up 100 kHz. This dispersion lower as result interfacial polarization outlined Maxwell-Wagner. obtained 0.025 composition. In low-frequency range, AC conductivity σAC practically independent resembles DC (σDC). vicinity high recognized hopping region, rises since conductive grains more active frequencies. co-doping Gd BiFeO3 ceramics enhances magnetic properties hence can be utilized fabricating multifunctional devices.